tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69917645984723232702024-02-08T01:48:40.760-08:00Key to the FutureGiulianahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03720689882704311073noreply@blogger.comBlogger32125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-67162281578865552982011-04-28T18:41:00.001-07:002011-04-28T18:41:41.611-07:00Public Diplomacy shifts to Social Media<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:donotshowrevisions/> <w:donotprintrevisions/> <w:donotshowmarkup/> <w:donotshowcomments/> <w:donotshowinsertionsanddeletions/> <w:donotshowpropertychanges/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> 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</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal">Recently, I found this interesting article that America.gov, a major global public diplomacy website is shutting down. States Department that organized the portal decided that the portal is not as effective anymore. It decided to switch its efforts and information to social media. From now to distribute the information they will use Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Is that a good decision? In my opinion some organization are blinded by today’s technological progress and development. Social media interaction can be very effective. However, not until it is used appropriate way. The State Department cannot forget that the aspects of social media is not anymore for sending information but also to engage the public and create relationship with the target audience. Without this concept in mind it is sure that its attempt could be a big failure. Many companies and organizations found out about it very fast by spending most of their promotion budget on social media while not forming a good SM strategy, which in consequence brought to a huge losses.(example: Pepsi Refresh Project) But let’s see what the future will bring for the State Department and its public diplomacy shift.</p> <p class="MsoNormal">What do you think about this? </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0411/Public_diplomacy_shifts_to_social_media.html#">http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0411/Public_diplomacy_shifts_to_social_media.html#</a> </p>MAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-75020109622660160232011-04-25T20:35:00.001-07:002011-05-04T05:16:21.072-07:00Mondays of Spanish Rock and PDA few weeks ago a friend messaged me about going to see a concert. I had not heard of the band before, but really anything that would wake me up on a Monday night after a two and a half hour art history lecture on the Northern Renaissance (there are only so many etchings of the Christ Child you want to see at 7 pm) sounded like a fantastic adventure. Moreover, anything that could pull me away from the hair-pulling-tear-inducing thoughts of post-graduation plans seemed like an excellent plan. Thus, on a Monday in early April I gleefully ran out of my art history classroom--leaving the religious iconography and paintings of men with enormous beard and big bellies in the art center to hop in a cab to go to downtown.<br /><br />My music-lover friend described the band we were off to see as the Spanish Phoenix. Phoenix, a French band who sing in English happen to be one of my favorites, so really she could have said, three Spanish men are coming to this venue and lipsynching to Phoenix songs and I would have gladly shelled out $10. Luckily, the band, Polock (not Jackson) turned out to be a fantastic act--with their own songs and vibe. The venue we were at was really tiny and intimate--it was actually part of a historic synagogue in downtown--Sixth & I Synagogue. Thus, it was easy to bump into new people and really get to know these bed-headed Spanish rockers. I mention the size of the venue as it was very easy to see the demographics of the crowd. I was very surprised to see that over half the people in the crowd were actually natives of Spain.<br /><br />Suddenly, I was being treated to a concert and a cultural diplomacy event... Spain: 1, Kristi: 0. As I looked around the room, my eyes fell across a small booklet, the 2011 "Spanish Cultural Program: Spring Season." I turned over the booklet and read that the event was actually being hosted by the embassy of Spain. I nabbed one of the booklets as a token of Spanish public diplomacy and as my music-guru friend went for some sangria (yes, it was basically a Monday night in Barcelona), my PD-brain went into overdrive. I have also believed in the cross-boundary power of music, but here I was witnessing it as a tool of Public Diplomacy. I tried to explain this to my Public Comm-major friend, but my excited yelps of "OMGPDPOLOCKSPANISHMUSICSOGOODBECAUSE,YOUSEECULTURALDIPLOMACYISVITAL..."<br />were returned with a look of "perhaps, we should focus on the music, young crazed one."<br /><br />I know have my Spanish Cultural Program Booklet stashed on my dresser--in case I want to dabble in some cultural diplomacy another Monday night...Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-88822925739722401852011-04-23T23:23:00.000-07:002011-05-04T05:41:27.421-07:00A Royal Wedding with a PD Flourish!I will openly admit that I have gone a bit mad with Royal Wedding fever. Yes, it is true...even serious students fall into this black hole of daily People.com "Royals" section readings... There is however, only so much time a young soon-to-be graduate can spend thinking about the impending doom which is graduation until he or she runs to the nearest computer to check out the "Royal" Facebook page (yes, I have liked it).<br /><br />Thus, on a Friday night after some tea at Tryst and before a movie in Bethesda, another Anglophile and I went to Barnes and Noble to burn some time before becoming deeply engrossed in a "Jane Eyre" cinematic masterpiece. My anglo-loving friend and I studied abroad in London last year so anytime we come together it is a quiet sob-fest about missing tea and crumpets and Mary Poppins-accents. Thus, it was necessary that we buy our hot chocolates and then proceed to leaf through (study with great intent and purpose) the approximately 12 magazines dedicated to everything Will and Kate. At the end of our intense review session of the royal family an older gentleman probably reading some Keats or Ikenberry stopped us and asked us what exactly were we so excited about for the wedding. I tried to think of something pertinent other than--"so we can expertly judge her wedding dress and tiara selection, sir," so I came up with "I mean the whole family is just fascinating!" then quickly looked at my friend to say, we should probably leave before we find out this man will be conducting interviews at jobs we would like...<br /><br />After our movie and popcorn extravaganza, I came home and thought about this man's question some more... Specifically, I thought about the PD ramifications of the wedding. Yes, I really did. I am that much of a royal wedding-PD nerd. The royal wedding is expected to bring in over 2 billion viewers for--a wedding? No, it is more than a pretty young couple and a very large cathedral. In fact, the royal wedding is fantastic advocacy and cultural diplomacy (thank you, Nick Cull) for the UK. The UK has recently been in the news for its high unemployment, student protests and well, everything Will and Kate. The wedding of the future King of England is not important historically, as he will someday be a ruling monarch, but it also brings in a generation of new audiences (do not tell me you have not heard you parents talk about Charles and Di's wedding and those huge, puffy sleeves of her's) to see British history in the making. Furthermore, tourism has already massively increased in London; I can only imagine the effects of a fairytale on the city.<br /><br />A friend of mine recently pointed out, 8% of the British people are on the dole and now they will be paying more taxes for the royal wedding--how is this fair? Indeed, unemployment is high and the British people will pay money toward public services used on the wedding day. However, the British monarchy is something inherently special and important to the British people. I believe that come the big day, the Brits will be lining the streets (and the pubs) to glimpse a happy occasion in their country. Who knows, perhaps a young person in a country across the world watching the wedding will be so enamored with the event and the UK, that he or she will forever support the UK state--if the fairytale of Will and Kate can happen, why not that one?Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-69645545452807824312011-04-20T06:50:00.000-07:002011-04-20T06:51:37.504-07:00Interesting tactics of Polish nation branding by tourism<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:donotshowrevisions/> <w:donotprintrevisions/> <w:donotshowmarkup/> <w:donotshowcomments/> <w:donotshowinsertionsanddeletions/> <w:donotshowpropertychanges/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> 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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Rise of tourism in Poland could be very beneficial because it helps to brand the nation and brings economic development. Poland’s tourism brings only in 6% of the GDP. That is why Poland should start approaching the international public by interesting programs and good promotions. <span style=""> </span>Especially in the aspect that coming to Poland could be lot cheaper than to Western Europe, government executives should use that advantage. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Good example of the benefits that international program bring was shown to Poland after announcement of EURO 2012 hosts. The interest in Poland grew instantly. Media and tourists start to research Poland its culture, customs, language and tourists spots. Well, now Poland should make a step forward and do the best to attract as much tourists as possible. However, as of today the Republic does not have even a good television add for the international audience and the EURO is next year. A little bit embarrassing. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">What is even more interesting, instead of promoting the EURO 2012 and approaching the international public, the Ministry of Sports and Tourism focuses on a new program with Jordan to boost tourism?! Would not the approach of more than one country be more beneficial? I understand that Jordan has 1 million people traveling abroad and love soccer, but in reality how many of them will come to Poland. There is around 5 billion soccer fans in the world, why not approach them all?! Well Even though I am Polish I still cannot get the reasoning of government’s moves. …. lost chance and lost opportunity.</p>http://www.zawya.com/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20110419050340/Poland_seeks_to_boost_tourism_ties_with_JordanMAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-24906865062480357962011-04-18T19:37:00.001-07:002011-04-20T08:13:47.913-07:00Edward Steichen: The Greatest Figure in American Cultural DiplomacyThe last week of classes has arrived and along with it more paper writing than I could have ever really imagined (senior year is so much fun!) and an intense loathing for students on the Quad doing things like playing Frisbee or enjoying the sunshine, basically having a life. Yesterday, my overly caffeinated mind hit a low point when upon seeing a group of students laughing and tossing around a football, I looked at a friend and said “How can they be playing football right now!?” Clearly, DC’s sunshine and warm weather has not imbued me with a sense of humanity or rationality.<br /><br />Luckily, I was saved once again by the brilliant Helen Langa and her class on Modern Art in the U.S.: 1935-1970. Dr. Langa’s lecture focused on photography (“I guess every girl goes through a photography phase. You know, horses…” Lost in Translation) and all of a sudden, in between Robert Frank (you are sublime) and Diane Arbus (Nicole Kidman did not do you justice) my professor used the words “cultural diplomacy.” Yes, it seems as if cultural diplomacy is now tiptoeing into my non-IR world and disguising itself not with a moustache and bowler hat, but with art exhibits and my very personable art professor. Dr. Langa was speaking of the exhibit, The Family of Man, which was held at the MoMa in 1955. Edward Steichen, Directory of Photography at the MoMa, narrowed down 2 million photographs from around the world to 503 photographs to be presented in the museum. The photographs were displayed using advertising and publicity techniques and interspersed with the photographs were small texts and poetry. After its stay in the MoMa, the exhibition then toured 37 different countries for eight years. The concept of the exhibition was to show the commonalities of all people from around the globe. Steichen wanted to show the universality of the human experience: life, death, love, war, pain, etc. The last photograph in the exhibition before the exit was a picture of a huge mushroom cloud after the explosion of an atomic bomb. Thus, the viewer was reminded of the fragility of life and the imminent and terrible danger of nuclear weapons. The exhibition was parlayed into a book with an introduction by the poet Carl Sandburg (coincidentally, Steichen’s brother-in-law). The book, which is still in print (and available on Amazon for $19.55, according to Dr. Langa), holds the Sandburg poem, Names, which includes these lines:<br /><br /><div align="justify"><br />“There is only one man in the world and his name is All Men/There is only one woman in the world and her name is All Women/There is only one child in the world and the child’s name is All Children.” </div><br />So as Professor Langa talks about how this amazed her ten-year old self and I think how this book amazes my twenty-one-year old self, Langa continues that while Steichen did curate the exhibition, there was a large interplay between the MoMa, in particular, Steichen, the State Department and USIA (the United States Information Agency). The exhibition while depicting the universal traits of man, was also an incredible achievement for U.S. cultural diplomacy. The exhibition was part of “winning the hearts and minds” of people around the globe and instilling American, democratic values during the Cold War. As the exhibit traveled across the world, at its various installations the museums/galleries would emphasize its ties to the locale, thereby showing the similarity of American values to the values of the specific area (Kennedy). The Family of Man was not the first or last exhibition of photography used to showcase U.S. cultural diplomacy. In fact, an exhibition of photography from Ground Zero named, After September 11 also toured the world from 2002 to 2004 and visited nearly 60 countries. (Kennedy)<br />On a side note, as Dr. Langa rightfully pointed out, though the exhibition displayed a wide range of human emotions and experiences, there was no representation of injustices occurring around the world. Especially during the time of segregation, the start of the second wave of the feminist movement and that is the U.S. alone, not to mention the troubles and human injustices in other countries, it is telling that photographs of these moments were never shown.<br /><br />Alas, I digress and there is only so much time you can spend procrastinating on blog posts instead of doing homework and applying for jobs (and by that I mean, scouring for jobs and realizing that you should have just applied to grad school right away and that no, it is not realistic that the Travel Channel will call you and decide that you are the perfect new host for a show about eating and traveling abroad on a student budget). Though, perhaps the State Department is looking for a normally quite chic, right now quite disheveled recent graduate who would like to assist in the exhibition of The Family of Man 2.0??? One can hope!<br /><br />Liam Kennedy<br />International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-)Vol. 79, No. 2 (Mar., 2003), pp. 315-326<br /><br />http://www.moma.org/learn/resources/archives/archives_highlights_06_1955Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-5848641205982651122011-04-14T21:04:00.001-07:002011-04-21T12:30:17.153-07:00Credibility is KeyIn a recent post by Marc Lynch, he writes about U.S. public diplomacy in the Arab countries and towards the Muslim population in general. Lynch discusses how the U.S. has been successful in their PD efforts, which is quite a positive view in my opinion because more often I have heard negative feedback from the wake of the post-Cairo speech agenda. The U.S. is due some credit because we have taken strong steps by way of engaging youth, focusing on entrepreneurship and science and technology promotion in Arab nations. As Lynch indicates, “there are pockets of progress, but overall public diplomacy in the region has been distressingly weak”, thus what is the next step for the U.S.?<br /><br />Recently, at the U.S. Islamic-World Forum, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, set forth her vision on how to deal with the changes that resulted from the uprisings. In her speech, Clinton stated that the United States would stand firm with the people of Tunisia and Egypt to ensure their rights and liberties, which is an important message for the people within those countries to hear. It is important for our PD efforts to say this, but words are not the only important thing. Rhetoric only goes so far. Like with Obama’s groundbreaking Cairo speech, which promised new beginnings, there needs to be significant action behind our rhetoric to ensure we maintain the credibility of our PD. Credibility is vital because without the efforts of the U.S. mean nothing. Post-Cairo speech, there was disappointment because many felt that the U.S. had not lived up to Obama’s many promises. The U.S. has made strides in engaging the Arab and Muslim world, but there is still a lot that needs to be done. Thus Secretary Clinton’s words are powerful, but there needs to be visible action behind them if the U.S. really wants to make progress in the Middle East.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Related Links:<br /><br /><a href="http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2011/04/160642.htm">http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2011/04/160642.htm</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.npr.org/2011/04/14/135405357/foreign-policy-how-the-us-got-arab-diplomacy-right">http://www.npr.org/2011/04/14/135405357/foreign-policy-how-the-us-got-arab-diplomacy-right</a>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-11789047724456710942011-04-11T19:41:00.000-07:002011-04-11T21:34:21.488-07:00Queen Bees and Wannabees<style>@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 10pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">Professor Gary Rawnsley, from the University of Leeds, recently posted on his Public Diplomacy blog his thoughts on the recent U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations report on Chinese and U.S. public diplomacy. Rawnsley asserts that the report suggests that China is winning a battle of public diplomacy, while the United States is lagging behind and must “catch-up.” “This a peculiar attitude towards public diplomacy and soft power which should be designed around foreign policy objectives, not who is perceived to be more popular or whose public diplomacy is attracting more government resources” (Rawnsley 2011). </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">After perusing the report, I must agree with Professor Rawnsley. The United States does not have to act the role of the ‘queen bee’ to assert its dominance in the world arena. By turning on the television in another country one can see the far-reaching power of American soft power and public diplomacy. While <i style="">MTV</i> and <i style="">Grey’s Anatomy</i> may be in different languages, they are still American television shows and still presenting American values and norms. However, when turning on the television in my apartment in the United States, or my flat in London, or my tiny room in Berlin, I did not encounter any Chinese television shows dubbed in English or German. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">This is not to say that China has not been active in its assertion of its soft power or that it has no public diplomacy. Senator Lugar stated in the beginning of the hearing “the United States has only five American Centers in all of China, while China has some 70 Confucius Institutes throughout the United States” (Foreign Relations Committee—Lugar, 15 Feb 2011). Lugar presents this as China’s aggressive push to increase its presence on the world stage. Unlike Lugar, I do not see much in the way of devious intentions behind the Confucius Institutes. The United States does not need to build 70 American Centers in China, but can, as Rawnsley argues, work on its credibility and message in the realm of Public Diplomacy and foreign policy, in general. China has its own Public Diplomacy problems to deal with—mainly its mixed message as a wise and sophisticated ancient culture, while also inhibiting free speech and expression. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">There is no need for the United States to engage in competition with China in its Pubic Diplomacy. After all, we have all seen the ending of <i style="">Mean Girls</i> and know what becomes of the overzealous queen bee—they are hit by a bus and/or are ostracized by their high school and must return to their friends on the math team and both the United States and China can do better than that.<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">http://wwwpdic.blogspot.com/2011/04/another-us-deficit-china-and-america.html</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_bee_%28subculture%29<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;"><br /></p>Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-16020212908867965262011-04-10T15:07:00.000-07:002011-04-10T15:29:00.912-07:00Polish PD by the embessy in the USA<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:donotshowrevisions/> 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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Public diplomacy started to play a major role in today’s politics. It became a “business of inducing the public to have understanding for and goodwill toward a person, firm, or institution,” (McClellan). However, in order to effectively implement public diplomacy abroad, countries needed the help of state actors. The most common government organizations that enforce public diplomacy abroad are embassies. Success of the embassies is dependent on the strategic communicate and creation of a long-term relationship with the countries they are approaching. Therefore, according to former ambassador of the United States, Christopher Ross, “public diplomacy and international communication must reflect basic set of principles and practices, the seven pillars of public diplomacy, to meet its mandate ‘to inform, engage, and influence’ foreign publics,” (Ross). Those pillars are: “policy advocacy, reasons and rational for the context of the policies, consistent, truthful and credible message, ability to tailor message for specific audience, media usage to sent the message, alliance and partnership with non-state actors, and build the foundation of the trust and mutual understanding through dialogue,” (Ross)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Unfortunately, lately I was analyzing Polish embassy website and discovered that its embassy in the Washington, D.C. does not do a very good job in enforcing a successful public diplomacy. First of all, I notice that it does not have a clear message or a goal. It is interacting with the American public, however, mostly by the promotion of Polish culture, and values. The republic’s embassy is using the assertive public diplomacy; where the communication participants are separate (Zaharna). The message sent by the Polish embassy is usually one way communication without possibility of relationship building or receiving a feedback. Website presents the general information about the embassy activities. However, it seems like those activities are mainly based on the countries advertising not as much on the creation of a meaningful bond. In my opinion the today’s goal of the embassy is simple acknowledged of the American society about Polish traditions and values. The majority of the activities they conducted are based on polish cultural and historical events, as Maria Skłodowska-Curie exhibition or screaming of the John Paul II historical visit in Poland. The meetings conducted by the embassy representatives mostly emphasis the relationship between the European Union and the United States not the polish foreign policy. Obviously, this makes it hard for the American citizens to understand the sent message about Poland. Here comes the question: Does Poland want to be seen as prospering, independent country or as a part of the European Union? I though they want to promote itself as and sovereign country that can be successful by its own ideals and policies. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Moreover, if Poland wants to be acknowledged by the American public it needs to change its target audience. Its message rather reflects to the audience that is less likely to share out the information about Poland. The embassy approaches mostly polish natives living in the United States, high representatives, and scholars. In my opinion, in order for the message to be more effective it should be also directed towards the general population, which could share the information with others while destroying possible stereotypes. Nevertheless, polish embassy is very active on Twitter and Facebook, which could be received by the general population. However, even on those social media platforms it only sends the information but does not interact with the media users. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";"> Concluding I would say that polish embassy public diplomacy needs a lot of work; especially, in the area of message and its delivery as also in target audience. 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mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--><br />Sources:<br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">McClellan, M. <i style="">Public Diplomacy in the Context of Traditional Diplomacy</i>, </span><a href="http://www.publicdiplomacy.org/45.htm"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">http://www.publicdiplomacy.org/45.htm</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";"></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Ross, Ch. <i style="">Pillars of Public Diplomacy: Grapping with International Public Opinion</i></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Zaharna, R.S. <i style="">Technology in Assertive and Associative Paradigms of strategic Public Diplomacy</i></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">The Republic of Poland embassy website in the United States, DC - </span><a href="http://www.washington.polemb.net/"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";">http://www.washington.polemb.net/</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Cambria","serif";"> <span style=""> </span></span></p>MAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-59935423876491733522011-04-09T10:48:00.000-07:002011-04-12T19:27:53.650-07:00..and Congress Saves our PD<style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal">Tensions were running high on Friday as Congress was still in a stalemate and the hours drew nearer to the deadline that would result in a government shutdown. Domestically the shutdown would have been a terrible experience, which would have resulted in, for example, national parks and the Smithsonian’s closing. Though there was a silver lining in that restaurants were advertising discounts or Z-Burger said they would be offering free burgers to all government employees. That aside the government shutdown would have reached beyond our borders. It would have meant that embassies and consulates were closed and all programs and events that were planned would not be allowed to go on, which would have been awful PD for the United States. What example would we have been setting for the rest of the world? When we try to export democracy and try to be the shining city upon the hill, it is contradictory when we cannot even pass our own budget. It would have been detrimental to our PD efforts if everything would have had to been stopped, no programs or embassy services, American centers closed, it would have looked very bad. </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">Congress pulled through at the eleventh hour with a proposed compromise and passed a continuing resolution that would keep our government funded for a little bit longer. If there was a shutdown, I think this would have hurt the credibility of our PD because we are promoting ideals and trying to portray a stable image of our country to the world, but then in the case of the shutdown, it would have contradicted all of these things. It would have hurt our image as a nation and negatively impacted our PD efforts, but also our image to foreign visitors who would not have been able to visit the Smithsonian’s or would have been shut out from seeing something like the Grand Canyon. Luckily, this did not occur, but it is interesting that something that seems it would only cause problems domestically actually has a much farther reaching impact zone. </p>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-9583663575635279862011-04-04T20:34:00.001-07:002011-04-04T22:55:21.749-07:00Andy Warhol on Nation-BrandingThere is a painting by Andy Warhol of Marilyn Monroe called "Marilyn Diptych" made in 1962. On the left hand side are 25 pictures of Monroe, all stylized with the bright colors all associate with Warhol. Monroe has bright blonde hair, red lips and is surrounded by a glowing orange background. On the right hand side is the same picture of Monroe duplicated 25 times, but in black and white. The pictures are not sprinkled with juicy pops of color, instead there are smudges of black and at the far right side Marilyn begins to disappear...<br /><br />If you are not familiar with Andy Warhol, aka you have not experimented with Photo Booth on your Mac or have not viewed all six hours of his film of a friend sleeping, here is a brief overview... Warhol was part of an art movement called Pop Art. Warhol (and members of the movement) were obsessed with the idealization of movie stars, consumption and branding. Warhol, despite his stated neutrality (art historians never believe what artists say anyway), painted works reflecting the branding of the time and its effect on the public. The "Marilyn Diptych" may be the best revelation of Warhol's ideas. Warhol shows Marilyn's branding on the one side, this idealized, sensuous movie star and then the reality on the right side, her true persona fading away into her "brand." Warhol's painting also depicts another idea, fame is fleeting and a "brand" will only be bought for so long before the public's interest is occupied elsewhere and interest fades away.<br /><br />This week as we discussed nation-branding in class, I could not help but think of the white-haired, eccentric artist from Pittsburgh and his ideas on branding and how they relate to nation-branding. As we discussed the nation-branding of Turkey in class in conjunction with its efforts to join the EU--a country with significant ties to the EU and EU member states, but with its own unique culture and history, etc., I wondered how long a brand should be used before another one is needed. That is, do people lose interest in nation-brands like they do commercial brands? After so many years of hearing of the special ties Europe has with Turkey, as well as their special culture are EU member states and citizens really interested or is the repetition of the brand now just white noise, or a blur of an image, rather than a pop of color that lasts in the mind. Moreover after a brand or image has been agreed upon, when does the bureaucracy move its slow and heavy machinery to realize that change is needed and that the image of a nation is actually changing. Perhaps it depends on how one looks at nation-branding.<br /><br />Paul Rockower seems to have also been dreaming of nation-branding (though probably without the multi-colored Pop Art images of nations that populated my dreams) as he posted an article by Amit Shahi on India's efforts in nation-branding. Shahi states in the first sentence the need for a dynamic focus on nation-branding, "The most successful nation-branding campaigns are not built on colorful logos or fancy slogans, but on effective showcasing of societal changes and successful projection of the emergent reality" (Shahi "Engaging with the World"). Shahi goes on to describe the different nation-branding efforts in India and how it seeks to promote India's emergent presence in the world arena. Shahi specifically notes two panels hosted by "INDIA Future of Change" that engaged leaders in the business community, government officials, policy makers in discussing India's role in the global marketplace, as well as how innovation and new design in India can add to different facets of the Indian "brand." Thus, Shahi's article correctly acknowledges the need for dynamism in nation-branding and engagement of the nation-brand at all levels.<br /><br /> Andy Warhol may not have made PD theory come to light with his film "Eat," (documenting a friend eating a mushroom), but his ideas on branding do have resonance with concepts of nation-branding.<br /><br />http://levantine18.blogspot.com/2011/04/brand-india.html (Side note: This article was posted on April 2, the day after Mr. Rockower left the PD-blogging world a nefarious April Fool's joke that stated he would be ending his blog. Yours truly, did not quite grasp that it was a joke until April 3...those three days were dark, indeed.)<br /><br />http://www.brandchannel.com/brand_speak.asp?bs_id=275<br /><br />http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ViewWork?workid=15976&tabview=image "Marilyn Diptych"Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-29360857316015767542011-04-03T10:37:00.000-07:002011-04-06T20:46:39.986-07:00Social Media and the Czech Republic: Is anybody listening!?<style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal">I have been researching social media in the Czech Republic as a part of my group project. This has been an interesting topic because the Czech Republic has been really trying to revamp their PD efforts and become a presence on the world stage.<span style=""> </span>Thus far Czech PD is currently utilizing Facebook, Twitter, Flickr and Youtube with varying degrees of perceived success. The Czech Republic has the right idea in that they need to be utilizing this new social media in order to compete in the PD world, but the real question here is: is anyone out there listening??</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">As it has been mentioned before social media is not an immediate fix for a nation’s PD problems, thus it seems that he Czech Republic is trying but they do not have that many followers, tweets or likes. In the twitter department they are being beaten by Hugo Chavez and Georgetown Cupcake, just to name a few, though its not hard to beat around 56 tweets and roughly 600 followers. The Czech Republic needs to be active in engaging people on social media platforms, not just posting things because if one just keeps posting items, nothing is accomplished unless their messages are actually reaching an audience. Engaging with other on the web is key and also making it known that these types of sites exist for your nation because the numbers of people who follow the Czech Republic on these forums is disproportionate to the number of exchange students the Czech Republic claims to have because exchange programs would be a great starting point for them on social media because chances are that most if not all of those students utilize at least one or two forms of social media.<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">Overall the Czech Republic has great potential, but in order to realize it to its fullest extent they need to be engaged in their social media PD if they are going to have it because if they do not do this, what is the point of having it? If it is not working in their favor it is silly to put forth effort if no results are coming back and no one is listening.<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">CZECH out some of their pages:<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">Flickr: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/46170110@N05/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/46170110@N05/</a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/46170110@N05/"><br /></a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/46170110@N05/"><br /></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Twitter: <a href="http://twitter.com/#%21/CzechOfficial">http://twitter.com/#!/CzechOfficial</a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://twitter.com/#%21/CzechOfficial"><br /></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">Facebook: <a href="http://www.facebook.com/Czech.cz?v=wall&ref=ts">http://www.facebook.com/Czech.cz?v=wall&ref=ts</a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/Czech.cz?v=wall&ref=ts"><br /></a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/Czech.cz?v=wall&ref=ts"><br /></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Hello Czech Republic: <a href="http://czech.cz/">http://czech.cz/</a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style=""></span>You can even make Czech Republic e-cards!!!<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-24713195168605612622011-03-30T18:11:00.001-07:002011-03-30T18:11:50.571-07:00Poland and PD cont.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> 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unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Continuing the topic of public diplomacy in Poland, I recently got very disappointed. Together with my group I was working on the case of Czech Republic and how its public diplomacy looks like today. Czech Republic and Poland had very similar historical experience. They were both struggling during the World War I and World War II. After the Second World War both of the countries were under the influence of the Soviet Union and the Stalin’s Regime. During that time public diplomacy was based only on the promotion of communism among the communistic and socialistic countries or the countries that are most likely to become one. Poland as well as Czech Republic did not have their own say and needed to obey the higher power. Nevertheless, the end of the 80’s was fortunate for those Eastern European countries because the communism got abolished. Now Poland and Czech Republic had to create its independent state and prepare plan for the future which would include public diplomacy. However, it was very hard at that time to include public diplomacy because their politics and government was focused on rebuilding the internal matters of the country and public diplomacy was not very crucial for them. Not until entering the European Union countries started to consider the importance of public diplomacy. European Union presented to those countries requirement which they need to achieve in order to be a member. Public diplomacy was a part of those requirements. However, the level of the diplomacy was not as engaging as it should be. After joining the European Union, Czech started to keep up with the western European countries and their nation branding using tools as: tourism, trade, education, and economy became better and is still evolving. Bringing up the case of Poland it looks like the importance of public diplomacy was not noticed even after the EU membership. Although Poland has the same past as Czech Republic it seems like it ignored the case of public diplomacy and focused on different aspects of the nation building. <span style=""> </span>But what other aspects…??? What about promoting the country abroad, creating its positive image and showing to people that Poland is a valuable country? Maybe that is why, as I mentioned in my prior blog post, Poland is unnoticeable by other countries or societies. In my personal opinion, Polish government should finally realize how public diplomacy can be influential and consequently help in polish politics, economy, tourism, etc. <span style=""> </span>Polish embassies all over the world should set up some goals in nation branding and start doing some progress because even though Poland is seen as a country with high possibilities it will never achieve them without promoting the country abroad. </p>MAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-2617773453747946632011-03-30T12:54:00.000-07:002011-04-01T11:33:52.173-07:00Food Diplomacy: The Way to the Public's Heart is through their Stomach<style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;">The expression goes, "A way to a man's heart is through his stomach," this also holds true with the general public. Malaysia has recently caught on to this great idea of food diplomacy. What better way to promote your country than via food?? I found this article by Paul Rockower while searching for something interesting to put in this week's blog entry. Rockower outlines the gastrodiplomacy strategy of Malaysia, which is quite ingenious and successful. Malaysia was not the first country to do this, Thailand was, but they have experiences much success. This is an incredibly strategy to engage foreign publics in a non-controversial way and to foster a real affinity for your nation via your delicacies. Malaysia has been quite innovative and has set up a food truck in New York City because that seems to be the latest obsession in the U.S. This is a fantastic PD tactic that appeals to a broad audience and will undoubtedly have a positive influence on whoever decides to nosh on some Malaysian treats. <span style=""><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style=""> <br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;"><span style=""> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;">This concept coincides with the Anholt reading we had for this week about nation branding and what makes a successful nation branding is a good reputation and credibility. In fact, according to the article, Malaysia launched a branding campaign in 2006 to be known as the center for halal food in the Muslim world.<span style=""> </span>According to Anholt, the reputation of a nation comes from the products and images that people associate with it, thus Malaysia’s gastrodiplomacy is a great tactic to bolster their image and reach out to a larger group of people. This is also a great way for Malaysia to promote their nation in a unique way that is more accessible to the general public than via art, literature or music.<br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Times;">Food diplomacy is a great tool and should be utilized more by nations in their PD campaigns because I think it is one of the most successful forms of PD. </span></p> <div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div><div></div><div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div></div><br /><div>Article Link: </div><br /><div><a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-03-29/malaysia-jumps-on-gastrodiplomacy-bandwagon/"><span style="color:#000099;">http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2011-03-29/malaysia-jumps-on-gastrodiplomacy-bandwagon/</span></a><span style="color:#000099;">#</span></div><br /><div><span style="color:#000099;"></span></div>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-38435572364954810022011-03-22T18:25:00.000-07:002011-05-04T06:01:43.720-07:00Hey Ya'll, is that there London Bridge?While perusing John Brown's blog a few days ago, I found a link he had posted to a traveling blog. Lindsey Douthit wrote on "How to beat the 'ugly American stereotype' overseas. In August of this past year I returned from a year and a half of living in Europe...and yes, the 'ugly American' is real and very much out there. In France I lived in a small city on the Mediterranean and had a lovely summer of language school and baguettes with cheese. On a few trips to bigger cities I would sometimes bump into some (ugly, is too harsh a word--maybe ignorant?) American tourists. Lovely as they were, it is no wonder the French do not always extend a baguette loaf to Americans...I would hear things like "<span style="font-style: italic;">What</span> is on that?!" or "That cheese smells!" Yes, presumably very tasty cheese smells. However, that is no reason to announce to the world that you would never touch it because you would smell like the inside of a cow shed.<br /><br />These tourists were few and far between and for the most part I met many lovely Americans abroad. I was a bit discouraged to see so many young Americans overseas and enjoying Europe like it was 1999 and they were reliving Eurotrip. Fellow students, you may drink anywhere, perhaps try not to look like intoxicated American fools stumbling around the Pantheon and instead have one glass of wine and think of the magnificent architectural and historical wonder you are next to!!! Exchange diplomacy is something near and dear to my heart. I believe it is an intrinsic part of PD efforts and that everyone should make at least one exchange and experience something new and life changing. Exchange diplomacy means that you bring some of your culture with you to your new culture, but also embrace the culture you are in...eat the food! speak the language! interact with the natives!!! Be the best American you can be--be patriotic if you are, but not be the loud, obnoxious American every foreign movie makes Americans out to be.<br /><br />I digress... In conclusion, as Mark Twain wrote, "In twenty years you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do than by the ones you did do. So throw off the bowlines. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Dream. Explore. Discover."<br /><br />Explore. Dream. Discover, but be the best diplomat you can be...and leave the fanny pack at home.Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-87640479005663424982011-03-21T11:22:00.001-07:002011-03-27T20:09:30.894-07:00PD in the New Egypt<div> </div> <style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal">I found this article on The Huffington Post quite interesting. It outlines what needs to be done in order for the U.S. to rebuild its relationship with Egypt. This is intriguing because still in recent memory is the June 4, 2009 Cairo speech that Obama gave which promised a “new beginning” and there was much hope brought by his inspiring words not only to Egypt but to the Muslim world. Mutual respect and understanding were major points and there was promise that we were on the brink of a major breakthrough. However, this was not entirely case. Some strides have been made in improving the relationship but one sore spot was never addressed until the revolution, the fact that we had continued to support Mubarak in spite of his actions of oppressing his fellow Egyptians. This was a major contradiction between our words and our actions; the U.S. did not live up to their promises, which has put us in a harsh light.<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style=""> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal">U.S. PD in Egypt is having a credibility crisis because we have not followed through on our words, which makes our PD efforts ineffective, as the article states, “But it cannot do so as long as much of U.S. public diplomacy is seen by the rest of the world as self-serving propaganda”. This is a huge problem and it invalidates our PD efforts, we must be sincere and credible because without those aspects our PD will accomplish nothing. The article states that, “the philosophy of U.S. public diplomacy should be altered to put greater emphasis on service to the individuals around the world”. The U.S. must realign their PD efforts to match our promises because credibility makes all the difference.</p> <div> </div><div> </div><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><div> </div><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><div> </div><span style="font-size:85%;">Article Links: </span><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/philip-seib/us-public-diplomacy-and-t_b_823002.html"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/philip-seib/us-public-diplomacy-and-t_b_823002.html</span></a></span></div><br /><div> </div>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-10530396335902043882011-03-17T12:36:00.000-07:002011-03-17T12:37:17.860-07:00Public diplomacy in Poland and nation branding.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> 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<w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Public diplomacy is a pretty new term for Poland. First steps towards nation branding were made during polish engagement with democracy. Since then Poland was slowly entering the world of diplomacy. However, it was not always with very successful results. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Nevertheless, first impression about Poland and its Solidarity movement sent a positive message about Poles as fighters and democrats. Next step, unfortunately not fully planed was made in Germany. As, one of the Polish news papers describes, Poland embassy had its building on one of the main streets in Berlin. The building was not very ecstatically appalling, next to beautiful buildings of Western European countries. Berlin’s government was not happy about this look. Therefore, some amount of money was given for polish government to cover the building. Polish government agreed on the idea. However, they did not know what to put on the 60 meter sheet that covered the fence. <span style=""> </span>Finally, as it was close to the New Years Eve, they decided to put some balloons and write “Happy New Year – wishes from the close neighbors.” The idea ended up to be a phenomenon. Mass media was delighted, while people surprised of the kindness and unpretentiousness of the message. At that point Polish government understood the importance of nation branding and how little things could totally change the image of “poor, communistic Poland.”</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Third, very meaningful step in nation branding was Polish membership in the European Union. Moreover, Polish prime minister, Donald Tusk was called by German press, “one of the most powerful prime ministers in Europe.” It set up many images of Poland among the European Union countries. Poland started o be perceived as meaningful players in the EU politics. However, those positive thoughts did not last long. When the conservative party took over the government, Polish image fall apart once again. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">As of today, Poland is seen as nice country with potential but anybody can say anything specific about it. After twenty years of changes Poland ended up as a blank page in the book of worlds. According to Nation Branding Index from two years ago, Poland is on 29<sup>th</sup> place just after China. Representative of Polish Nation Branding states that Poland is sending a lot of messages to the outside world. However, the context of those messages is mixed, which makes it hard for other countries to make a consequent opinion. Nonetheless, there is still a chance for Polish image. The main goal for its success is <span style="text-transform: uppercase;">conscious</span> nation brand mainly focusing on promotion of culture and tourism that would be appealing for the rest of the world. <span style=""> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">…and something about Poland… let me know what you think…</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">FROM POLAND WITH LOVE: <a href="http://www.vbs.tv/watch/from-poland-with-love-on-vbs--2/from-poland-with-love-full-length--2">http://www.vbs.tv/watch/from-poland-with-love-on-vbs--2/from-poland-with-love-full-length--2</a> </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Bibliography: </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation_branding#Nation_Brands_Index">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation_branding#Nation_Brands_Index</a></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"><a href="http://www.polityka.pl/kraj/analizy/295379,1,nasz-wizerunek-za-granica.read#ixzz1GrkVm7BD"><span style="color: rgb(0, 51, 153);">http://www.polityka.pl/kraj/analizy/295379,1,nasz-wizerunek-za-granica.read#ixzz1GrkVm7BD</span></a></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>MAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-54255300841862836122011-03-14T11:57:00.000-07:002011-03-14T13:07:23.973-07:00@america in Indonesia: Changing Perceptions?<style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal">I came across this article this week when looking for an interesting topic to blog about. <span style=""> </span>This article from the New York Times discusses the new American cultural center that just opened in Jakarta, Indonesia. The center called, @america, is in a mall and has many interactive and high-tech displays about American culture and history. In my opinion this is a great way to educate people about the U.S. and show them a positive representation of who we are as a nation. The number of cultural centers has been on the decline since the 1970s, as guest speaker John Brown mentioned. This is a step in the right direction and to show the people of Indonesia what America is.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Alternatively, the article presents some criticism of the center. One complaint about the center is that there is heavy security that one must go through to gain access to the center, which sends out a strange image to Indonesians and makes it seem like the U.S. does not trust them. This is always the fine line that U.S. PD has to walk between safety and a positive message with no contradicting actions, “The tension in American public diplomacy — the desire to reach out versus the fear of becoming a target — was evident in @america’s entrance: located in a discreet corner of the third floor, it offered no spot to peek into what lies inside.” As the quote from the article states, the U.S. really does want to reach out to the public but the sad reality of the world we live in makes it necessary to pass through body scans and metal detectors, which is something that PD has been struggling with. Safety cannot be forfeited completely, but this has not sat well with some Indonesians who have gone to the center. Despite the positive message within the center, it has not made them change their opinion nor has it made them less skeptical of the U.S. The center has sparked to urge to travel to the U.S., which is one of the center’s goals.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal">I think the center will have a positive impact on U.S. opinion in Indonesia, but that reaction will not be instant. As the article said, “…Mr. Marciel said, adding: “I think it can help, but the fact is, a lot of Indonesians are still a little bit skeptical of the United States, and that’s built up over many years. And our challenge is to steadily chip away at that.” That is exactly what the U.S. needs to do, slowly chip away at the skepticism to make way for a new positive opinion. <span style=""> </span>Overall, I think this is a step in the right direction for our PD.<br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal">Article Link: </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/world/asia/06indonesia.html">http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/06/world/asia/06indonesia.html</a> </p>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-64846628280997358132011-03-03T10:43:00.000-08:002011-03-03T10:50:02.219-08:00Mark Rothko: Savior of American Cultural Diplomacy?"We see this as a way of combining our passion for art with our new diplomatic role.” --Marjorie Susman, wife of current U.S. Ambassador to Britain, Louis B. Susman.<br /><br />Art + PD!<br /><br /><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/02/arts/design/02susman.html?_r=1&src=me&ref=arts">http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/02/arts/design/02susman.html?_r=1&src=me&ref=arts</a><br /><br />Interesting article on the installation of American art into the U.S. residence in London. Proof that artists can be the best kind of diplomats.Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-51394747476981754732011-02-28T12:17:00.001-08:002011-03-14T13:05:08.159-07:00China's PD Issues<style>@font-face { font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }table.MsoNormalTable { font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal">Recently, I read a very interesting Stratfor article about the link between China and the unrest in the Middle East. China has been attempting to shape its image abroad through extensive PD programs, such as the movie loop that plays in Time Square, which shows pictures of famous Chinese people. China has been attempting to portray their nation as a great nation filled with extraordinary people and emphasizing their rich culture. This has been an obvious effort to take the focus of most people off of some glaring issues that China has and the criticisms from the international community.<span style="font-family:Times;"><br /><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal">The article discusses how China is watching the Middle East unrest closely because they are afraid their own people will see what others are doing abroad to overthrow their dictatorial regimes, yet at the same time China has been striving to portray themselves in a positive light and not as a dictatorial, oppressive nation. I think China is worried because the Middle East unrest has shown the world what grass roots movements can do and how powerful they can be and this is threatening to the rigid government of China. It will be interesting to see if China alters its PD message and strategy in light of these events in order to bolster its image as a good and free nation. It is also interesting to see how events in one nation affect the PD of another nation and how world events just tend to domino nowadays. </p> <div> </div><div> </div><br /><div> </div><br /><div> </div><br /><div>Article Link: </div><br /><div><a href="http://www.stratfor.com/analysis/20110223-dispatch-middle-east-unrest-and-chinas-resource-interests">http://www.stratfor.com/analysis/20110223-dispatch-middle-east-unrest-and-chinas-resource-interests</a> </div>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-47073127971555459392011-02-27T19:40:00.000-08:002011-02-28T12:14:16.744-08:00Social Media and Public DiplomacyLast week our class had an AWESOME guest speaker, Christopher Dufour, who discussed the role of social media in PD. Du4 explained that social media on its own will not be the saving grace for U.S. PD or PD run by any other nation. It was interesting to hear him speak honestly about social media because often I feel that people say that if the program uses Facebook or Twitter it will be an automatic success, which in reality is not the case. Du4 said that Facebook and Twitter are just tools, which can help facilitate PD, but alone do not suffice. Social media will not change the world on its own but it depends on what the people do who are behind those platforms. These electronic mediums will not and cannot replace the human element that is necessary to make PD a success.<br /><br />Currently, the U.S. is utilizing all forms of social media, but according to some we are coming up short on our PD efforts in comparison to China’s aggressive PD programs. I found an intriguing article on the Huffington Post, which discussed how the U.S. is not prepared to compete with China and according to Senator Lugar, "our nation is not doing all it can to prepare for the increasingly prominent role China will play in our economic and foreign policy." The article discussed the coordinated Chinese PD strategy and how they are convinced to do all they can to get to their goal, which could be frightening or remarkable according to how you view China. So what does this mean for the U.S.? Do we need to focus on building more American centers and spaces like the Chinese are doing with their Confucius Centers, which are dramatically growing in number. Do we need to use social media more aggressively to show the world our message and positively promote our culture? Personally, I agree with Du4 and I do not think that social media is a panacea. Gladwell brings up this point in his article, “Small Change.” Gladwell discusses that social media alone cannot foster the same amount of change that a protest can cause, it can help organize those activities but the social media itself cannot cause the desired change to occur. So what does this mean for U.S. PD?<br /><br />The U.S. needs to amp up its PD to be able to compete with China because according to some we are falling behind. But what do we need to do? I think we need to devote more people and resources to PD in order to stay competitive, but with this year’s budget still hanging in the balance, I am not sure what we will be able to do.<br /><br />Article Link:<br /><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/philip-seib/lugar-report-offers-neede_b_825436.html">http://www.huffingtonpost.com/philip-seib/lugar-report-offers-neede_b_825436.html</a>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-90756666963627544442011-02-21T19:12:00.000-08:002011-02-21T20:04:44.980-08:00Cut, Cut, Cut<style>@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 10pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">In search of blog-spiration this week, I took to the Internet to search for the outrageous, a good debate or some fascinating Public Diplomacy news. Unfortunately, Justin Bieber’s new haircut (bowl cut be gone!) does not count as world-quaking news, so I moved from Perezhilton.com to Paul Rockower’s blog at http://levantine18.blogspot.com. Anyone who describes themselves as “one of a dying breed of Bohemian, Orientalist Zionists,” and later lists both <i style="">Amelie</i> and <i style="">Transformers</i> as favorite movies deserves a read through. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">As I perused Rockower’s blog I stumbled across a post called “American Ostriches.” Rockower notes that Florida’s governor had turned down funding for a high-speed rail system and questions Americans awareness of infrastructure in the United States. A few days later Rockower follows up on his post with an excerpt from a piece by Charles Blow. Blow also comments on the status of the United States in the eyes of the people. Blow notes that Americans wish to “view our eroding empire through the gauzy vapors of past grandeur.” Included in his article, Blow notes that the current budge submitted by the Republicans would cut nondiscretionary spending desperately needed by the U.S.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">I heartily agree with both Rockower and Blow’s comments. The United States continues to climb out from under the dark cloud of the economic recession and American citizens are still balancing a precarious load of taxes, rising costs of living and limited paychecks. However cautious the American people and the United States must be in its spending and saving, slashing non-security programs will not bring renewed respect to the States by the international or domestic community. During the Great Depression America “went to work” on its infrastructure. During this time the American people built bridges, roadways and dams, bringing work, respect and a stronger base for the growth of America. An article published on February 21, 2011, “Danger Pent Up Behind Aging Dams,” in the <i style="">New York Times </i>states that over 4,000 of the nation’s dams are susceptible to failure. This type of failure could bring economic, geographic and societal devastation. These types of spending cuts have the possibility of quite truly opening up the floodgates to the destruction of American infrastructure.</p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Not only will the cuts in domestic non-security spending make a deep impact on the image of America, cuts in non-security spending in the area of foreign aid, where the submitted budget has proposed to cut $48 billion (FY 2008 levels), will do nothing to improve America’s image abroad. America’s foreign aid provides programs and services in places that might normally only hear of America’s use of bombs and guns. Engaging the international community through aid has been a highlight of the past years U.S. foreign policies, cutting this will do nothing but set back the steps the United States has taken to peacefully help in the development of other nations. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Naturally, one cannot be too frivolous with spending, as a college student, I am well aware of this. However, it is important that dollars are spent where they are most needed. Right now it is important that the strong base of American ideals is fortified, with roadwork, dam-maintenance, societal programs and foreign aid. Perhaps the United States could even engage its own cultural diplomacy by hiring artists like was done after the Great Depression, where WPA artist (including Jackson Pollock and Ansel Adams) painted murals and photographed the brilliant and beautiful parts of America, maybe then we will get to the <i style="">art </i>of the matter. </p>Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-12901820232671793682011-02-14T20:10:00.000-08:002011-02-14T20:11:34.299-08:00"I Hear America Singing"<style>@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0in 0in 10pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }</style> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">“I hear America singing, the varied carols I hear…” so wrote Walt Whitman in his poem, “I hear America Singing.” Whitman, undoubtedly one of the greatest American poets of the twentieth century wrote brilliantly on America, among other topics. However, if one were to question a room of students on Whitman or some of his poems, there would be a greater possibility that the students would be able to recite lines from last week’s “Jersey Shore,” than any of Whitman’s works. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">Whitman, Dickinson, Frost, Cummings, Steinbeck, Salinger, Pollock, Rothko, de Kooning…Poets, writers, artists, all American and yet, it is hard to distinguish if these great men and women are part of American history or American culture. Dr. John Brown argued that Americans define the United States in terms of ideas, whereas Russia defines itself in terms of its culture. Brown quoted Sumner Welles, stating that the “concept of culture is foreign to the United States. One wouldn’t expect the State to assist with culture.” Brown explained that the Russian educational system emphasizes culture and Russia’s superior culture. Of course with writers such as Dostoyevsky, Turgenev and Tolstoy, it would be difficult to argue against. </p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">The United States would gain much from following Russian example. However fantastic the ideals upon which the United States is built upon, there is an American culture; one more fulfilling than Snooki and Pauly D. The great artists and writers of the past and present use the American ideals of freedom of speech, religion, and politics to write moving stories and create innovative works of art. The ideas of America and its culture can be combined, but only if the American people advocate for this synergy. There need not be an idea of an imperialistic American culture, it would be advantageous though, to discuss and share the cultures of other states and American culture. John Paul Lederach in his book on peacebuilding, <u>The Moral Imagination</u>, he mentions the positive effects of two men building trust and a relationship over their mutual interest in philosophy and Sufism in post-civil war Tajikstan. One can only imagine of the diplomatic possibilities if people were able to connect on topics of culture, building relationships and trust and <i style="">then </i>confronting greater challenges. </p>Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-52923161183536323682011-02-09T20:23:00.000-08:002011-02-15T12:25:07.469-08:00American Pop Culture and Public Diplomacy<span style=""> </span>This past week Dr. John Brown, former Foreign Service officer and blogger, came to class to discuss cultural and public diplomacy. Through his animated and engaging stories the disparity of cultural understanding between Americans and Russians became evident. Russians value culture and it is a huge part of their society, where it is also important to Americans, but not exactly in the same way. We don’t memorize poetry or songs the way the Russians do Brown explained. Russians value high culture where as most Americans ascribe to popular culture, which is not bad, just a different mindset. Thus when doing PD with nations who value high culture, a different approach needs to be taken. Throughout Brown’s talk the ways in which America was lacking in cultural diplomacy were clear.<span style=""><br /></span>The U.S. has a huge media presence, which accounts for some of the stereotypes of Americans around the world. Peter Van Ham discusses the idea of cultural and media diplomacy in his chapter entitled, <i>Culture and Constructivism</i><span style="font-style: normal;">. Van Ham writes that Hollywood can exercise America’s social power easily through films and TV shows because they are easily available to watch and they appeal to a wide audience. This can have both positive and negative effects depending on the film or TV show. Van Ham discusses a survey taken in 2003 in which teenagers in twelve countries associated America with sexual amorality, materialism and violence…just to name a few things (Van Ham 54). That shows that many people have no idea about the positive aspects of American culture Van Ham concludes that characters like Tony Soprano may be as much to blame as the Iraq war (54). That is a very interesting statement that shows America’s image is just as connected to a fictional character as it is with our foreign policy.</span><br />The next season of Jersey Shore is going to be filmed in Italy, which may be a good or bad idea depending on your impression of the show. It will be interesting to see what happens as they start to film the next season and what impact it will have on the U.S. image for better or for worse, we shall see.<span style=""> </span>Alexandra Nhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09237034111649336615noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-85298648926895315032011-02-07T20:06:00.000-08:002011-02-07T20:12:07.277-08:00Olympics and Public Diplomacy<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:lidthemecomplexscript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> 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Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Olympics and Public Diplomacy</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In our first class we talked about China and their performance during the Olympics. We all totally agreed that it was a PR move to establish the country’s image among western states, especially in America. China did a pretty good job in promoting themselves and indicated their potential, abilities, and power. <span style=""> </span>However, as I found out, China is not the only country that used Olympics as public diplomatic move. <span style=""> </span>In 2012 the Olympics will be organized by the United Kingdom and as I read in the article “UK weighs special unit to combat Olympics bad news”, the only thing that the British are concerned about is public diplomacy and worlds opinions about Britain during the Olympics. They recommended "that the The Foreign Office</span> should form a 'rapid response unit', set up well before the Games, which is adequately resourced and prepared to take swift action to rebut or challenge negative stories appearing in the world media." Their goal is for the rest of the world to see them as a "diverse, inclusive and friendly country. Or in a word ... generous." This situation disappoints me a little bit just because I always saw the Olympics as a friendly tournament between countries, and its objective was to unite and get some gold medals. Was not that the point when the Greeks start the Olympics? They had to stop all the wars just during that time in order to have some fun. But now I can clearly see that Olympics have become a tool of international politics and are used by the countries to propagate their image. Guess Arthur Schlesinger was right when he said that the “ability to attract others and move [public] opinion was an element of power” and power is what matters in today’s world. Why not attract people by a phenomenal performance and organization during the Olympics? (Nye, 96). Well what we can conclude is that the 2012 Olympic Games will be a show full of generosity and kindness… Who would though?!</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/06/us-britain-olympics-foreign-idUSTRE71503620110206">http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/06/us-britain-olympics-foreign-idUSTRE71503620110206</a> </span></p>MAGDAhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07448937649898409942noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6991764598472323270.post-50978021109295476482011-02-07T19:31:00.000-08:002011-02-07T19:54:53.677-08:00Public Diplomacy as a PassatSuperbowl Sunday is upon us and along with the unbelievable amounts of chips, guacamole, sandwich platters and assorted grilled meats are a flurry of very expensive commercials, oh and of course, football. A personal favorite of the night showed a miniature “Darth Vader” attempting to use the force on various objects in his house. A dog, a doll, laundry machines and a sandwich were left unmoved by mini-Vader’s powers, however, his small yet mighty hands did manage to have an effect on the Passat parked in his driveway. <br /> <br />As I watched this commercial, created to show the best of German engineering, I could not help but let my mind wander to Public Diplomacy. In my quest to exert the force over the somewhat confusing realm of Public Diplomacy, the relationship of soft power and Public Diplomacy has to be confronted. In some ways, it seems that soft power is much like marketing and one could easily change foreign policy goals for sales goals. Joseph S. Nye, Jr. describes soft power as “means getting others to want the same outcomes you want” (Nye 95). In the realm of auto manufacturers, this means using soft power to have customers buy your products. In the realm of foreign policy, this means exerting soft power to have other countries or foreign publics share the same feelings or goals as you do. <br /> <br />Nye further develops his idea of soft power addressing three components of current soft power. “Daily communication,” what and how the government tells the press, “strategic communication,” which focuses on specific policy initiatives and the “development of lasting relationships with key individuals” (Nye 101). Just as VW may control its publicity, or specific policy initiatives, all while establishing lasting contacts with customers and powerful members of different foreign publics, countries can build their appearance. It appears that image is as important to foreign policy as it is in marketing brands. A country’s power does not remain just with its expansive geography, or amount of bombs, but also its image. <br /> <br />However, similarly to auto customers’ opinions, states cannot totally control what other states or publics want. As Peter Van Ham writes, just because one has a vehicle (or a Passat) does not mean one has power. Van Ham relates that power is everything…it is the ability to define the rules of conduct, how the system should be etc. With this in mind, power is also perception-based. As perception is subjective, one person’s idea of power ownership may be different from another. Hocking states that just because one shares a cultural affinity does not mean there will be consensus on everything. (35) Though the United States and the United Kingdom share a cultural affinity for McDonalds and MTV does not mean they will maintain the same foreign policy initiatives. It is this ambiguous nature of soft power, in comparison to the more concrete sense of hard power that makes its inclusion in Public Diplomacy and foreign policy initiatives much more confusing. Unlike Volkswagen, one cannot always use the force to change people’s and governments’ opinions and actions.Kristina Hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05297601179455357724noreply@blogger.com0